Antibiotic resistance is a minor issue in most developing and many developed countries. The fact is that antibiotics do not work against viruses and their use can be avoided even after surgery if the person is otherwise healthy. However, possible reasons for their overuse include:

(i) Lack of microbiology facilities; (ii) Reluctance of patients to undergo tests; (iii) No patient with fever has the patience to wait for test results but wants immediate treatment; (iv) We usually do not go back for follow-up after recovery; (v) Buying medicines without seeing a doctor; (vi) Patient expectation of getting a prescription from a doctor; (vii) Lack of knowledge among the people about the proper use of antibiotics; (viii) Poverty

Researchers have recommended that physicians reduce inappropriate antibiotic use. Such awareness among physicians may help reduce the problem to some extent. But raising awareness among the public at many levels is equally important. For example,

1. Antibiotics should be taken only as per the doctor's advice. Do not stop taking them even if you start feeling better. If you are not liking the medicine, tell your doctor so that your medicine can be changed.

2. A specific medicine is effective only if it is given in the right quantity and duration to cure every disease. Taking the wrong medicine or the wrong way delays the treatment and increases the number of harmful bacteria.

3. Avoid storing any leftover medications once treatment is complete.

4. Patients should not insist on taking medicine when the doctor thinks you do not need it. It is not wise to doubt the competence of a doctor who does not prescribe medicine. Our lack of patience will ultimately prove to be harmful to us.

5. Patients should maintain good hygiene and prevent the possibility of infection by getting recommended vaccines. The important role you play in preventing antibiotic resistance can have a powerful impact not only on you but also on society in combating this universal threat. All these efforts will reduce the risk of antimicrobial resistance and can be a helpful step in protecting future generations.